@HardBasically from theme point of view, you can use child themes. In regards to plugin files, this is not possible right now.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><modification> <id>Example of the vQmod</id> <version>1.0</version> <vqmver>2.X</vqmver> <author>Tuts+</author> <file name="targetfile.php"> <operation info="Example of the vQmod"> <search position="replace"><![CDATA[ I am original content. ]]></search> <add><![CDATA[ I am replaced content!! ]]></add> </operation> </file></modification>